![]() Alba instituted the Council of Troubles, which led to the condemnations of thousands and came to be known as the "Council of Blood". In 1567, King Philip II of Spain appointed Alba governor of the Netherlands and tasked him with the suppression of Dutch rebels. Alba was the commander-in-chief of the Spanish-Habsburg army during the Italian War of 1551–1559, and became governor of Milan in 1555 and viceroy of Naples in 1556. ![]() He then commanded the Spanish troops at the Battle of Mühlberg (1547), where the army of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V defeated the German Protestant princes in the Schmalkaldic War. García Álvarez de Toledo y Enríquez de Guzmánįadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Enríquez de Guzmanĭiego Álvarez de Toledo y Enríquez de Guzmánīeatriz Álvarez de Toledo y Enríquez de Guzmánīorn into a prominent Castilian military family, Alba first distinguished himself in the 1535 conquest of Tunis during the Ottoman-Habsburg Wars as part of a long conflict for predominance over the western Mediterranean Sea. ![]()
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